09/10/2026
Studfold Farmhouse is a Byland Grange. It has been structurally changed many times as is evident from the outside and inside walls.
At the back of St Marys Church in Ramsgill, Nidderdale, is a lone triangular end gable section of a building set into the boundary wall. It might look humble now, but back in the 1100s this wall was part of something a bit grander, forming a section of the chapel which was attached to the chief grange in Nidderdale belonging to the Byland Abbey community of Cistercian monks.
Roger de Mowbray, owner of much of Upper Nidderdale, handed over land to both the Byland and Fountains Abbey monastic communities and let them build a string of granges right across Nidderdale, as far up as Lodge above Scar House Reservoir.
Mowbray’s only stipulation was that boundaries like hedges were to be keep low enough so they didn’t interfere with the line of sight during hunting.
The monks would generally establish granges within a day’s travel of Byland Abbey so with a distance of at least 30 miles, Ramsgill and Lodge would have been at the furthest point of their travels.
Land was cleared of trees and enclosed as the grange farms became established, each staffed by lay brothers who cultivated and harvested the crops, or reared the livestock. For over 200 years they flourished, but even though they were both Cistercian communities, the monks of Fountains and Byland Abbeys didn’t live in complete harmony. Both came to blows over the riches they’d discovered in Nidderdale, in particular the lead mining rights. It led the General Chapter to denounce their bickering as a ‘disgrace to the Order’.
Eventually the monks’ good fortune began to falter when Scottish raiders plundered the abbeys and destroyed the granges in the 1300s; followed soon after by the Black Death wiping large swathes of the population.
Words & photo thanks to Amanda Brown