01/06/2024
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The locals claim that it’s bottomless and is connected to the deeper regions of the underworld. They will also tell you that it’s an ancient volcanic vent and that it’s connected by deep underground channels with the active volcano at Santorini.
None of that is true, of course, but the real story of the lake is no less impressive. It is much deeper than any part of the adjacent sea for many kilometers offshore, for example.
The first recorded measurement of the lake’s depth was made in November 1851 when the British naval surveyor Captain Thomas Spratt determined that it was 210 feet deep at the center (64 meters).
An early geologist, Spratt, also realized that it could not be volcanic in origin because of the complete absence of igneous rocks in the area.
We know today that the lake fills a deep funnel-shaped sinkhole, formed when an ancient cave grew so large that it could no longer support the weight of rock above it.
The collapse would have been sudden and catastrophic, but it occurred long before humans arrived on the island. Looking around the lake area today, it’s still possible to see the wide bowl that was created as the cave collapsed.
Captain Spratt also noted that the lake was ‘brackish’ (freshwater but polluted with enough seawater to make it undrinkable) and overflowed via a small stream into the nearby sea. He assumed that the lake was being fed with fresh water by an underground stream.
When the cave collapsed to form the sinkhole the underground stream would have filled it with fresh water until it overflowed into the sea. This is the lake that Captain Spratt saw in November 1851.
By the late 1860’s, however, the lake had become stagnant and smelly, and it was known locally as Vromolimni, or the stinky lake, in other words. The most likely cause of this stagnation was a massive earthquake that devastated north-eastern Crete in the early morning of October 12, 1856.
Source text greekreporter.com
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