21/06/2026
Fyi
Under Philippine law, a simple typographical or clerical error in a contract does not automatically override the true agreement of the parties.
The relevant principle is found in the Civil Code of the Philippines, particularly:
Article 1370 โ If the terms of a contract are clear, they control. However, if the words appear contrary to the evident intention of the parties, the intention prevails.
Article 1359 โ When there has been a mistake in expressing the true agreement of the parties, the instrument may be reformed so that it reflects their actual intention.
So, if:
The tenant knew and agreed to a higher rent amount,
The tenant had been paying that amount,
The lower amount in the written contract was merely a typographical error,then the landlord may argue that the written contract does not reflect the true agreement and may seek correction (reformation) of the contract.
The outcome depends on the evidence, such as messages, receipts, prior payments, advertisements, witnesses, or other proof showing the agreed rent.