08/30/2026
🌊We learn the five Great Lakes in school — Superior, Michigan, Huron, Erie and Ontario — but their names carry centuries of Indigenous and European history.
🟦 Lake Superior
The name comes from the French lac supérieur, meaning “upper lake,” referring to its position upstream in the Great Lakes–St. Lawrence system. The Ojibwe also have names for the lake, including Gichigami, meaning “great water.”
🟦 Lake Michigan
From the Ojibwe word mishigami, generally translated as “great water” or “large lake.” European maps used several different names before “Michigan” became established.
🟦 Lake Huron
French explorers named it for the Huron (Wendat) people, who lived around the region. The Wendat themselves had their own name for the lake, Karegnondi, often translated as “lake” or “freshwater sea.”
🟦 Lake Erie
The name is connected to the Erie people, an Indigenous nation who lived along the lake’s southern shore. The name is believed to come through an Indigenous term recorded by Europeans.
🟦 Lake Ontario
“Ontario” also has Indigenous roots. It comes through an Iroquoian-language name and was used by Europeans for the lake by the 17th century. Its exact original meaning is debated, so the often-repeated translation “lake of shining waters” should be treated cautiously.
And there’s something pretty remarkable about all of this: the names on our maps are a record of the people who knew these waters long before European explorers arrived.
The Great Lakes aren’t just five big lakes. They are a living piece of Indigenous, French, British, American and Canadian history — and they remain the largest connected freshwater system on Earth. (Great Lakes Commission)
How many of these name origins did you already know? 🌊