08/11/2021
On the mostly moonless nights of August 11, 12, and 13, when the early morning is at its darkest, look up for a hero. The constellation Perseus, rising from the northeast horizon earlier in the night, brings with it an exciting opportunity. The Perseids meteor shower will be peaking during this time and if you’re lucky, you might see upwards of 50 meteors streaking across the sky.
The Perseids emanate from comet Swift-Tuttle. Each time it passes through our solar system it loses bits and pieces due to the heat of the sun. These particles trail behind the larger comet body and create the dashes of white we see striping the sky. This debris burns up in our atmosphere, and sometimes produces an impressive fireball. Comet Swift-Tuttle itself stays farther away – it won’t reach its closest point to our sun again until 2126. But Earth passes through its long debris field once a year.
If we could see the entire path of the meteors, we would see that they appear to radiate out from Perseus. In reality, the meteors and each star that makes up Perseus are very far away from each other.
Perseus is perhaps easiest to locate by finding its neighboring and often more familiar constellation of Cassiopeia. You may also be able to spot the bright binary variable star, Algol. Algol is known as the demon star. And Perseus, the Greek hero, who defeated many great monsters, carried Medusa’s head as a weapon. Ancient Greek and Arabic astronomers recognized the same story here – a hero holding a monstrous head which often appears to wink. The multiple stars that make up Algol pass in front of each other and create this blinking effect.
Whatever stories you discover or create, the Perseids shower is an unforgettable experience. Different cultures have seen different things – Chinese astronomers associate this part of the sky with a celestial boat, early Catholics saw the meteors as the tears of St. Lawrence – but we have all found significance in watching spectacular natural events.
Find a quiet spot under the pristine dark skies of Big Bend, venture out pre-dawn, and watch. The Delta Aquarid shower will still be going, too. Like John Denver said of viewing the Perseids while camping, maybe you’ll see “it raining fire in the sky.”
Photo courtesy of Sergio Garcia Rill
Image description: The windmill at Dugout Wells is silhouetted under the Milky Way and a sky full of meteors.